World & Physical Geography MCQs

(a)   Canada and the United States of America

(b)   Chile and Argentina

(c)   China and India

(d)   Kazakhstan and Russian Federation 

Ans: a

Exp: Canada shares the longest international land border with the United States. The Canada-US land border is 8,893 km long. The border is divided into two: the border shared with Canada by the continental United States and the border that the state of Alaska shares with northern Canada. Eight Canadian provinces and thirteen American states run along the shared boundary.

1. The Red Sea receives very little precipitation in any form.

2. No water enters the Red Sea from rivers.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Statement-I: The atmosphere is heated more by incoming solar radiation than by terrestrial radiation.

Statement-II: Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are good absorbers of long wave radiation.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I

(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I

(c) Statement I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect

(d) Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct

Ans: d

Exp:  Statement-II is correct: The long-wave radiation is absorbed by atmospheric gases, particularly by carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Thus, the atmosphere is indirectly heated by the Earth’s radiation.

Statement-I: Thickness of the troposphere at the equator is much greater as compared to poles.

Statement-II: At the equator, heat is transported to great heights by strong convectional currents.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

(a)   Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I

(b)   Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explains Statement-I

(c)   Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect

(d)   Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct.

Ans: a

Exp: The troposphere is the lowermost layer of the atmosphere. Its average height is 13 km and extends roughly to a height of 8 km near the poles and about 18 km at the equator. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

The thickness of the troposphere is greatest at the equator because heat is transported to great heights by strong convectional currents. This layer contains dust particles and water vapour. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Hence, both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I.

1. Pyroclastic debris

 2.  Ash and dust

 3.  Nitrogen compounds

 4 . Sulphur compounds  

How many of the above are products of volcanic eruptions?

(a)   Only one

(b)   Only two

(c)   Only three

(d)   All four

1. The isotherms deviate to the north over the ocean and to the south over the continent.

2. The presence of cold ocean currents, Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift make the North Atlantic Ocean colder and the isotherms bend towards the north.

Select the answer using the code given below:

(a)    1 only

(b)    2 only

(c)    Both 1 and 2

(d)    Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: a

 Exp: Statement 1 is correct: In the northern hemisphere, the land surface area is much larger than in the southern hemisphere. Hence, the effects of land mass and ocean currents are well-pronounced. The isotherms deviate to the north over the ocean and to the south over the continent. 

The effect of the ocean is well pronounced in the southern hemisphere. Here, the isotherms are more or less parallel to the latitudes, and the variation in temperature is more gradual than in the northern hemisphere.

(a)    Algeria and Morocco

(b)    Botswana and Namibia

(c)    Cote d’Ivoire and Ghana

(d)    Madagascar and Mozambique

Ans: c

Exp:

Cocoa beans are produced in tropical zones around the Equator, where climate conditions are well suited for growing cocoa trees. About 70 percent of the world’s cocoa beans come from four West African countries: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria and Cameroon. The Ivory Coast  (Cote d’Ivoire) and Ghana are by far the two largest producers of cocoa, accounting for more than 50 percent of the world´s cocoa. In 2021, the Ivory Coast alone produced approximately 2.1 million metric tons of cocoa beans. 

(a) Ghaghara – Gomati – Gandak – Kosi

(b) Gomati – Ghaghara – Gandak – Kosi

(c) Ghaghara – Gomati – Kosi – Gandak

(d) Gomati – Ghaghara – Kosi – Gandak

Ans: b

Exp:  Ganges River, rising in the Himalayas and emptying into the Bay of Bengal, drains one-fourth of the territory of India, and its basin supports hundreds of millions of people. The general direction of the river’s flow is from northwest to southeast. South of Haridwar, the river receives its principal right-bank tributary:

Yamuna River, which flows through the Delhi capital region and then roughly parallels the southeastward flow of the Ganges before joining it near Prayagraj (Allahabad).

The main left-bank tributaries of the Ganga are (from west to east- in the order of joining) :

• Ramganga
• Gomati
• Ghaghara
• Gandak
• Kosi

Statement-I: Rainfall is one of the reasons for the weathering of rocks.

Statement-II: Rain water contains carbon dioxide in solution.

Statement-III: Rain water contains atmospheric oxygen.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

(a)    Both Statement-II and Statement-III are correct and both of them explain Statement-I

(b)    Both Statement-II and Statement-III are correct, but only one of them explains Statement-I

(c)    Only one of the Statement II and III is correct and that explains Statement-I

(d)    Neither Statement-II nor Statement-III is correct

Ans: a

Exp: Chemical weathering describes the process of chemicals in rainwater making changes to the minerals in a rock. Hence, Statement I is correct.

1. Finland

2. Germany

3. Norway

4. Russia

How many of the above countries have a border with the North Sea?

(a)    Only one

(b)    Only two

(c)    Only three

(d)    All four

Ans: b

Exp: The North Sea is a shallow, northeastern arm of the Atlantic Ocean located between the British Isles and the mainland of northwestern Europe and covering an area of 220,000 square miles (570,000 square km). 

In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

(a)    Only one

(b)    Only two

(c)    All three

(d)    None

Ans: a

Exp:Hundru Falls: in Ranchi [Chotanagpur Plateau] is created on the course of the Subarnarekha River, where is falls from a height of 320 feet creating the highest water falls of the state.Hence, row 2 is correct.

In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

(a)    Only one

(b)    Only two

(c)    Only three

(d)    All four

Ans: b

Exp:Row 3 is correct: The Appalachian Mountains [Fold Mountains] of the great highland system of North America are the eastern counterpart of the Rocky Mountains. Extending for almost 2,000 miles (3,200 km) from the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador to central Alabama in the United States, the Appalachian Mountains form a natural barrier between the eastern Coastal Plain and the vast Interior Lowlands of North America. 

1. Cashew

2. Papaya

3. Red sanders

How many of the above trees are actually native to India?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

Ans: a

Exp: Red Sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus): is an endemic tree species of the forests of the Seshachalam, Veligonda, Lankamala and Palakona Hills range of Andhra Pradesh. Hence, option 3 is correct.

1. It is a gas, the amount of which decreases with altitude.

2. Its percentage is maximum at the poles.

Select the answer using the code given below:

(a)    1 only

(b)    2 only

(c)    Both 1 and 2

(d)    Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: a

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: Water vapour is also a variable gas in the atmosphere, which decreases with altitude. In the warm and wet tropics, it may account for four per cent of the air by volume, while in the dry and cold areas of deserts and polar regions, it may be less than one percent of the air. 

It also absorbs parts of the insolation from the sun and preserves the earth’s radiated heat. It, thus, acts like a blanket, allowing the earth neither to become too cold nor too hot. Water vapour also contributes to the stability and instability of the atmosphere.

Annual and daily range of temperatures is low.

Precipitation occurs throughout the year.

Precipitation varies between 50 cm – 250 cm.

What is this type of climate?

(a)    Equatorial climate

(b)    China type climate

(c)    Humid subtropical climate

(d)    Marine West coast climate

Ans: d

Exp:

Marine West Coast Climate (Cfb)

Marine west coast climate is located poleward from the Mediterranean climate on the west coast of the continents. The main areas are:

• Northwestern Europe, 
• West coast of North America, 
• North of California, 
• southern Chile,
• southeastern Australia 
• New Zealand. 

Due to marine influence, the temperature is moderate and in winter, it is warmer than for its latitude. The mean temperature in summer months ranges from 15°-20°C and in winter 4°-10°C. The annual and daily ranges of temperature are small. Precipitation occurs throughout the year. Precipitation varies greatly from 50-250cm.

1. It increases with increase in wind velocity.

2. It is maximum at the poles and is absent at the equator.

Select the answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

Exp: Coriolis force is at a right angle to wind direction and directly proportional to wind speed. That is, as wind speed increases, Coriolis force increases. At a given latitude, double the wind speed and you double the Coriolis force. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Why at a given latitude?

Coriolis force varies with latitude from zero at the Equator to a maximum at the poles. It influences wind direction everywhere except immediately at the Equator; but the effects are more pronounced in middle and high latitudes. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

1. Equator

2. Tropic of Cancer

3. Tropic of Capricorn

4. Arctic Circle

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a)   1 only

(b)   2 only

(c)   3 and 4

(d)   2 and 4

Ans: d

Which one of the following denotes that region?

(a) Amazon Basin

(b) Congo Basin

(c) Kilkori Basin

(d) Rio de la Plata Basin

Ans: b

Exp: The Congo Basin is home to the world’s largest tropical peatlands, along with Brazil and Indonesia. The peat swamp forest of the Congo Basin stores around 29 billion tons of carbon – approximately equivalent to three years’ worth of global greenhouse gas emissions – while the Basin as a whole absorbs nearly 1.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide a year. The Basin stretches across six countries-  Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.

1. Groundnut

2. Horse-gram

3. Soybean

How many of the above belong to the pea family?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d)  None

Ans: c

Exp:

Commonly known as the pea family, Fabaceae features about 670 genera and nearly 20,000 species of trees, shrubs, vines, and herbs. Distributed worldwide, members of the family are generally characterized by compound leaves and the production of fruits known as legumes. The following is a list of some of the major genera and species in Fabaceae:

• • Pea (Pisum sativum)
  • Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) Hence, option 1 is correct.  
  • Rosary pea (Abrus precatorius)
  • Smoke tree (Dalea spinosa)
  • Soybean (Glycine max) Hence, option 3 is correct.
  • Cowpea (V. unguiculata)
  • Mung bean (V. radiata)
  • Wisteria (genus Wisteria)

• Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) Hence, option 2 is correct.

(a) the number of children born per 1000 people in the population in a year.

(b) the number of children born to a couple in their lifetime in a given population.

(c) the birth rate minus death rate.

(d) the average number of live births a woman would have by the end of her child-bearing age.

Ans: d

Exp:

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year. A TFR of 2.1 is known as the replacement rate.

[A] It has two permanent polar ice caps
[B] After the Moon, it is the brightest object in our night sky
[C] Liquid water cannot exist on the surface of Mars due to low atmospheric pressure
[D] Mars is less dense than Earth

[A] Manila
[B] Mexico City
[C] Oslo
[D] Paris

[A] North Pole
[B] Indian Ocean
[C] Antarctica
[D] Gobi Desert

[A] Because winters of Taiga get colder due to Polar winds
[B] Because Tundra is near to Arctic Ocean
[C] Because Taiga has clearer skies in comparison to Tundra
[D] All of above reasons.

[A] Triple junction
[B] Quake centre
[C] Seismic focus
[D] Epicentre

[A] Sedimentary
[B] Igneous
[C] Metamorphic
[D] None of the above

[A] 1986
[B] 1988
[C] 1989
[D] None of the above

[A] These travel through the solid parts of the earth only
[B] These travel through the solid as well as other parts of the earth
[C] These spread on the surface of the earth
[D] None of the above

[A] Uplifted lowland
[B] Ria Coasts
[C] Emergent upland
[D] None of the above

[A] Isopleth — A line joining places of equal height
[B] Isobar — A line joining places of equal pressure
[C] Isohyet — A line joining places of equal rainfall
[D] Isotherm — A line joining places of equal temperature